Skip to main content

Beijing air 'cleaner'

Beijing air 'cleaner' since Games
By Michael Bristow BBC News, Beijing
Hazy Beijing air - 4 August 2009
Despite the claimed improvements, Beijing still has smoggy days
Beijing is enjoying the best air quality this decade because of measures taken during last year's Olympic Games, officials have said.

They say there were 171 days of low pollution in the first seven months of this year, 22 more than in 2008.

One year after the games, independent experts agree that air quality in the Chinese capital has improved.

But they say the city still has some way to go before it can be compared with the world's cleanest cities.

And the clean-up came at a cost. China will find it hard to spend similar amounts of money improving its other polluted cities.

"All the major measures taken by the city were expensive and not easily replicated elsewhere," said Yang Ailun, of Greenpeace in China.

'Blue sky days'

Beijing's notorious air pollution was a major concern for athletes, spectators and Olympic officials before the games.

Chinese officials did not want the biggest international event ever staged in communist China being overshadowed by pollution.

So the government initiated a series of clean-up programmes for the Olympics. According the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), China spent a total of $17bn on these schemes.
Blue skies above an Olympic flower display in Beijing on 1 September 2008
Anti-pollution measures produced clear skies for some days of the Olympics

Polluting factories were moved, private cars were banned from the roads and coal boilers were converted so they could use cleaner natural gas.

This massive spending spree worked. Pollution was down by 36% in Beijing during the games last August compared to previous years, according to a UNEP report.

And the benefits have continued this year with an increased number of "blue sky days".

This uniquely Chinese standard measures the quantity of three air pollutants - which must fall below certain levels - rather than the colour of the sky or whether it is even visible.

Independent air quality expert Ivo Allegrini, who monitored the city's air quality during the Olympics, said Beijing's air will only get better.

"The government has a good working plan to reduce emissions over the next few years," said the Italian expert, who has kept a close eye on the city's air quality since the Olympics.

But he said that does not mean the Chinese capital's air is as clean as in other cities across the world at the moment.

'Unhealthy'

Some critics add that the current pollution figures issued by the Chinese government under-estimate the real problem.

Beijing's government said the city's pollution level on Friday was "good", despite the fact that it was hazy for most of the day.
Infographic showing Beijing skyline on 7 August 2008 and 2009 with air quality reading
Improved air quality does not always mean blue skies. The WHO air quality guideline level is 50 micrograms/cubic metre

The US Embassy in Beijing has also been monitoring the air around its compound using a stricter measure.

At midday on the same day, it described the pollution level as "unhealthy".

It is also clear that some of the gains made during the Olympic Games were not sustained when the athletes left.

That is because some of the clean-up measures were only short-term schemes that have now been reversed.

China banned half the city's private cars - there are more than three million - from the roads during the games. But most of those were soon back on the streets.

Other aspects of city life, such as vegetable deliveries, were also restricted during the sporting event, an unsustainable solution to a city's pollution problems.

Ms Yang, the climate and energy campaign manager at Greenpeace, said a tax on fuel was a better way to discourage people from driving their cars.

"That kind of policy would be much more efficient that simple administrative measures," she said.

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

購屋糾紛多 預售屋是申訴榜首行政院消費者保護委員會統計,房屋糾紛為去年國人所有申訴糾紛排行榜第一名,3030件糾紛案已佔所有申訴糾紛一成,其中尤以「預售屋」糾紛最為嚴重。發現六大缺失,包括:建商未提供驗收條款或未記載交屋保留款、未明確記載開工日期及取得使用執照期限、未記載地價稅、房屋稅分擔比例、未經買方同意更換主要建材及廠牌規格及交屋期限不明確、未記載建物第一次登記的稅費負擔約定,以及未記載賣方對廣告之義務而且違約金收取過高。 消保官莊惠媛指出,消費者購買預售屋基本上就像購買一個夢想,且大部分消費者必須要花掉一生積蓄才能買回一個窩,但因為預售屋不像成屋,有實體房屋可供檢視,就得預先和房屋業者訂契約先行付款,最後往往因期待有落差而陷入糾紛成為惱人之痛。 莊惠媛呼籲,民眾購屋前為了維護權益,應先瞭解內政部先前訂定的「預售屋買賣契約書範本及預售屋買賣定型化契約應記載及不得記載事項」,尤其針對預售屋挑購提出「八大提醒」,包括:一、確認並履勘預售屋位址;二、攜帶捲尺、相機參觀樣品屋;三、看建築執照影本、執照核准圖說;四、審閱契約並瞭解契約內容;五、索取並保留廣告文案;六、詳實紀錄銷售現場建材資訊;七、洞悉成交紅單、假客戶等銷售手法;八、選擇合法代銷業者,以免受騙上當。 【2009/03/16 聯合晚報】
Pirates cost software industry $50 billion in 2008 Washington, DC - A fifth of PC software in the United States is pirated and the worldwide cost of piracy topped $50bn for the first time, says the annual report from IDC and the Business Software Alliance (BSA). Despite US piracy running at just 20%, market size means megabuck losses - over $9 billion in 2008. The worldwide PC software piracy rate rose for the second year in a row, from 38 percent to 41 percent, because PC shipments grew fastest in high-piracy countries such as China and India, overwhelming progress elsewhere. While emerging economies account for 45 percent of the global PC hardware market, they account for less than 20 percent of the PC software market. If the emerging economies' PC software share were the same as it is for PC hardware, the software market would grow by $40 billion a year. Lowering global piracy by just one point a year would add $20 billion in stimulus to the IT industry, says the report. The mo...
歐債危機 都是單一貨幣害的【經濟日報╱2012.02.28 03:06 am萄葡牙的局面非常嚴重,因為失業率已經超過13%。希臘、愛爾蘭甚至西班牙的情況更糟。整個歐洲似乎已經再度陷入衰退。 為什麼歐洲已經淪為全球經濟的病夫?答案似乎人盡皆知,遺憾的是人們知道的大多不是實情,而有關歐洲問題的不實說法正在扭曲我們的經濟討論。 試閱讀有關歐洲問題的討論文章,或者一篇看似符合事實的報導,則會看到兩種說法中的一種。我暫且稱之為共和黨人與德國的敘述。兩者均與事實不符。 共和黨的說法是羅姆尼競選的主軸之一。這種說法聲稱,歐洲因為對窮人伸援太多而麻煩上身;這是福利國死前的掙扎。這是右派陣營始終偏好的論點之一。1991年,瑞典因為放寬管制而面臨金融危機(似曾相識吧?)時,卡托研究所發表一項報告,聲稱這足以證明整個福利國模式行不通。 然而,仍然保留福利國制度的瑞典目前表現亮眼,經濟成長優於其他富裕國家。 我們不妨有系統評論,逐一檢視目前使用歐元的15個歐洲國家(排除馬爾他與塞浦路斯),並根據危機出現前,各國用於各種社會施政方案的預算占GDP之比予以排名。希臘、愛爾蘭、葡葡牙、西班牙、義大利是否因為福利制度過於細緻而顯得與眾不同?沒有。只有義大利可列入前五名,即使如此,它的福利制度規模仍不及德國。 換言之,龐大的福利制度並不是問題的肇因。 接下來談德國的論述,亦即把問題主要歸咎於財政不負責任。這種論調似乎與希臘的情況相符,而且也僅止於此。義大利在危機發生前數年即已出現赤字,規模卻僅略大於德國(義大利的龐大赤字主要源自多年前不負責任的政策)。葡萄牙的赤字小很多,西班牙與愛爾蘭則享有盈餘。 噢,還有。部分不是歐元國的國家似乎也能夠在未面臨任何危機的情況下,揹負龐大的赤字與債務。英國與美國可以大約2%的低利率長期舉債;日本揹負的債務遠大於含希臘在內的任何歐洲國家,利率只有1%。 換言之,「希臘化」的經濟論辯毫無事實根據。 如此說來,歐洲的問題究竟何在?真相是,問題大多與貨幣有關。歐洲國家推出單一貨幣,卻缺少確保該貨幣運作無礙所需的配套機構,無形中等於再次創造金本位制的缺失。這些缺點曾經在大蕭條形成的過程中扮演重要角色。 更確切的說,歐元使民間投資人產生虛假的安全感,並導致資金大舉湧向歐洲各邊緣國,相對又導致成本與價格大漲,製造業失去競爭力,1999年貿易大致平衡的各國並開始出現龐大的貿易赤字。...